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Tibetan history can be traced
thousands of years back. However, the written
history only dates back to the 7th century when
Songtsan Gampo, the 33rd Tibetan king, sent his
minister Sambhota to India to study Sanskrit who on
his return invented the present Tibetan script based
on Sanskrit.
Tibet's history can be divided into four period:
1. The Tsanpo's Period
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This period starts from Nyatri
Tsanpo, the first of the Tsanpos, in 127 B.C
(historians differ in view of the date, but this
date is taken from the White Annales, a reliable
book on Tibetan history) and ends in 842 A.D. at the
death of Lang Dharma, the last of the Tsanpos, who
was assassinated by a Buddhist monk owing to Lang
Dharma's ruthless persecution of Buddhism. During
this period some 42 Tsanpos had ruled over Tibet
among which Songtsan Gampo's rule was considered as
the zenith. Songtsan Gamoi was an outstanding ruler,
he unified Tibet, changed his capital to Lhasa, sent
Sambhota to India to study Sanskrit and promulaged a
script for the Tibetan on the latter's arrival to
Tibet, married Princess Wencheng of the tang Court
and Pricess Bhrikuti Debi of Nepal, built the Potala
and the temple and the temple of Jokhang
2. The period of Decentrailzation
This period began in 842 A.D. the year of
Lang Dharma's assassination, and ended in about 1260
A.D, when Pagpa, the Abbot of Sakya monastery,
became a vassal of Kublai Khan, the first Emperor of
the Yuan Dynasty. During this period a little is
known in history except that Tibet became
decentralized into a number of petty principalities.
3. The period of Sakya, Pagdu, and
Karmapa's Rule
This period began with Sakya's rule over Tibet,
followed first by Pagdu's rule in Lhaoka and then by
Karmara's rule in the Tsang region (Shigatse). The
sakya period was the time whten tbiet officially
became an inseparable part of China.
This period lasted from 1260 A.D to 1642 A.D during
which political powers centered in the three regions
of Sakya, Pagdu, and tsang successively ruled over
Tibet.
4. The period of the Gandan
Podrang's Administration :
This period is the period in which the Dalai Lama
ruled Tibet. It started in 1642 A.D. when the 5th
Dalai Lama overtook the ruling power from the Tsang
ruler. It basically ended in 1951 when Tibet was
liberated and came to a complete end in 1959 when
rebellion led by the Dalai Lama was pacified and the
People's Government of the Tibet, Autonomous Region
was set up. |
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